What is object-oriented programming: The Ultimate Guide

 

object-oriented programming (OOP)

object-oriented programming (OOP) is a way to organize and structure code in a way that is easy to understand, maintain, and extend. It encourages the use of reusable, modular code and facilitates the use of design patterns, which are common solutions to recurring programming problems. In short it is way of organizing the code.

Why OOPS:

Object-oriented programming (OOP) was created as a way to improve the structure and organization of code. Prior to OOP, most programming was done using procedural programming, which focused on writing code as a series of instructions to be executed in a specific order.

OOP was created as a way to overcome some of the limitations of procedural programming, such as:

Difficulty in reusing code:

In procedural programming, it was difficult to reuse code because it was tightly coupled to the specific problem it was written to solve.

Complexity:

As projects grew larger and more complex, it became increasingly difficult to understand and maintain the code.

Lack of modularity:

In procedural programming, it was difficult to break down a large project into smaller, more manageable chunks.

OOP addresses these issues by organizing code into objects, which are instances of classes. We will learn about the classes and objects below in the article.

Additionally, OOP promotes the use of design patterns, which are common solutions to recurring programming problems, and SOLID principles, which are a set of guidelines for writing maintainable, scalable, and testable code.

Overall, OOP was created to provide a more efficient, flexible and modular way to organize and structure code, making it easier to understand, maintain, and extend.

Key Concepts of Object Oriented programming(Oops)

 

Now that we have are familiar with the requirement of Oops in programming. Its time to get to Learn some  of the key concept's of the object-oriented-programming:

Classes and objects:

Classes are templates for creating objects, and objects are instances of classes. Classes define the properties and behavior of the objects they create. Dive Deep Here With Example

Encapsulation:

Encapsulation refers to the hiding of an object's properties and methods from the outside world. This allows the object to control access to its internal state, and helps to prevent unintended modifications to the object's state. Dive Deep Here With Example.

Inheritance:

Inheritance is a mechanism that allows classes to inherit properties and methods from parent classes. This allows for code reuse and a hierarchical organization of classes. Dive Deep Here With Example

Polymorphism:

Polymorphism is the ability of objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass. This allows for greater flexibility in the way objects are used and manipulated. Dive Deep Here With Example

Abstraction:

Abstraction refers to the process of identifying the essential characteristics of an object, and separating them from the non-essential details. This allows for a more focused and simplified view of the object. Dive Deep Here With Example

Overriding and Overloading :

Overriding is a mechanism where a subclass provides a specific implementation of a method that is already provided by its super class. Overloading is having multiple methods with the same name but with different parameter list.

These concepts are interrelated and are used together to create a powerful and flexible programming paradigm. Understanding and using these concepts correctly is crucial to creating maintainable, reusable and efficient code. Dive Deep Here With Example