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Method Overloading and Method Overriding in object-Oriented-programming: Deep Dive(C++)

 Method Overloading and Method Overriding in object-Oriented-programming: Deep Dive(C++)

Method overloading and method overriding are two related but distinct concepts in object-oriented programming (OOP) that allow for a more organized and efficient way to structure code.

 Method Overloading IN object-Oriented-programming(Oops):

Method overloading is the ability of a class to have multiple methods with the same name but with different parameters. In C++, method overloading is achieved by providing multiple function prototypes with the same name but with different parameters within the same class.

Here is an example of a class Car which has a method drive that can be called with different parameters:






In this example, the class Car has three methods with the same name drive but with different parameters. The first method takes no parameter, the second one takes an integer parameter and the third one takes a string parameter. The correct version of the method will be called depending on the type and number of the arguments passed to it.


Method Overriding IN object-Oriented-programming(Oops):


Method overriding, on the other hand, is the ability of a subclass to provide a different implementation for a method that is already provided by its superclass. In C++, method overriding is achieved by using the keyword virtual in the superclass method and override in the subclass method.


Here is an example of a class hierarchy for a car class where a method is overridden:




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In this example, the ElectricCar class inherits the startEngine method from the Car class, but it provides a different implementation for it. When an object of the ElectricCar class calls the startEngine method, it will execute the implementation provided by the ElectricCar class, not the one provided by the Car class.

Conclusion:

Method overloading and Method overriding are two powerful features of OOP that allow for a more organized and efficient way to structure code. Method overloading allows multiple methods with the same name but with different parameters within the same class, while method overriding allows a subclass to provide a different implementation for a method that is already provided by its superclass. Understanding and using these concepts correctly is crucial to creating maintainable, reusable, and efficient code.

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